Today's article will focus on such a disease as - Stomatitis.
Stomatitis (lat. Stomatitis ) - the most common lesion of the oral mucosa. Stomatitis affects about 20% of the world's population, of which almost every second pregnant woman.
The name of the disease comes from other Greek. "Στόμα" - mouth.
ICD-10: K12.
ICD-9: 528.0
MeSH: D013280
As a rule, stomatitis manifests itself in the form of ulcers, and lasts for 4 to 14 days. Healing usually takes place calmly, and no trace remains after it. If you have had stomatitis once, the chances of recurrence are very high, although the frequency of these recurrences is extremely variable. If the disease recurs three to four times a year, this frequency can be called typical. In some people, ulcers do not have time to heal, as new ones appear, which provokes stomatitis, as a chronic disease.
Many people ask the question, is stomatitis contagious? Answer - Yes, there are some types of stomatitis that are contagious, for example, herpes stomatitis, candidal (fungal) stomatitis.
The mechanism of occurrence of stomatitis has not yet been fully identified, but, most likely, this is due to the response of the immune system to stimuli. It is believed that stomatitis occurs when, for reasons not yet clear, the human immune system reacts to the appearance of molecules that it cannot recognize. The appearance of such molecules provokes an attack by the lymphocytes of the immune system (a type of white blood cell), in much the same way the human immune system reacts, for example, to an organ transplant. The "attack" of lymphocytes on these unidentified molecules leads to the formation of ulcers in the mouth, which are called "stomatitis".
The cause of stomatitis is mainly considered to be local factors: non-observance of eubacteriosis of the oral cavity. , such as, as well as helminthic invasion, can cause catarrhal stomatitis.
Stomatitis itself is not contagious. With herpes, stomatitis can occur as a consequence, but this is already one of the options for a person's response to the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Identified at least several factors causing this disease. Any of them, or several at once, can lead to the formation of stomatitis of varying severity:
Toothpastes and mouth cleaners containing sodium lauryl sulfate. Research suggests that the use of products containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, a common ingredient in toothpastes and cleaners to create foam) may make stomatitis outbreaks more frequent. This may be due to the dehydrating effect that SLS has on the oral mucosa. From this, it becomes vulnerable to various irritants, for example, food acids. According to some studies, patients who used SLS-free pastes reported that they were less likely to get stomatitis. In one study, this reduction reached 81%. In the same study, patients reported that, even with stomatitis, ulcers were less painful if they used non-SLS toothpastes during this period.
Mechanical injury. Many patients recall that stomatitis was formed in their field of any damage - either they bit the soft tissues of the mouth, or they were scratched by a sharp fragment of a tooth, the uneven edge of the crown, prosthesis, or the oral mucosa was damaged by any solid food, for example, chips or crackers. Usually, such an injury disappears without a trace after a couple of days, but if it complicates, it can lead to long-term anxiety.
Emotional stress / Mental stress. People with stomatitis often report that ulceration coincides with periods of emotional or mental illness.
Nutritional deficiencies. The researchers found that some of the stomatitis patients had an inadequate dietary intake. In particular, stomatitis can occur due to:
Aphthous stomatitis has the following symptoms: the appearance on the oral mucosa of single or multiple aft - small ulcers (3-5 mm) gray-white with a narrow red rim; bad feeling; increased temperature and pain of ulcerative lesions. The disease can be acute or chronic with periods of exacerbation and remission, the so-called chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
- Herpetic or herpes stomatitis. The causative agent is the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Infection occurs from a sick person or a carrier of the virus by contact (through toys, nipples, dishes) or by airborne droplets. The disease begins quite quickly: the baby becomes weak, irritable, pale, his temperature rises, his appetite disappears, noticeably. At the peak of the temperature, the redness and swelling of the mucous membrane of the mouth increase. Bubbles appear, which very quickly open, and in their place surface erosion forms, salivation increases, the sponges become dry, cracked, and crusted.
- Candidal or fungal stomatitis is a fungal disease that most often occurs in young children (stomatitis in children) and the elderly. Children are mostly prone to this type of stomatitis due to the fact that their saliva does not contain enough acidic substances to fight bacteria. Candidal stomatitis is also called thrush.
This type of stomatitis is caused by a fungus (usually of the genus Candida) and develops most often with a decrease in the body's immune forces, as a result of long-term treatment with strong antibacterial drugs, as well as against the background of another chronic disease.
Candidal stomatitis has the following symptoms: a burning sensation in the mouth and larynx, a white coating on the tongue and mouth, hyperemia and bleeding of the mucous membranes, an unpleasant taste in the mouth or loss of taste. This type of stomatitis is considered contagious and can be transmitted both through household and sexually.
- Allergic stomatitis. This type of stomatitis is not a separate disease, but refers to a general allergic reaction to one of the many allergens, and is treated along with the underlying disease.
It manifests itself as redness, white spots on the mucous membrane, vesicles or small-spot hemorrhages.
- Traumatic (bacterial) stomatitis. It occurs when an infection enters the injured mucous membrane. The main causes of injury to the oral mucosa are the consumption of solid food (crackers, chips, etc.)
- Catarrhaland catarrhal hemorrhagic stomatitis. These conditions are the mildest form of allergy. Children complain of itching, burning, impaired taste sensitivity, dryness and soreness when eating.
In 1/3 of patients, lesions are isolated, but in most children, as a rule, changes in the oral mucosa are combined with damage to other organs. When examining the oral cavity, there is a spilled, edema of the mucous membrane, as indicated by the imprints of the teeth on the lateral surfaces of the tongue and cheeks. On the tongue there is a deep desquamation of the filiform papillae - "lacquered tongue". Along with hyperemia on the oral mucosa, small-point hemorrhages are noted, mechanical irritation of the oral mucosa is accompanied by bleeding. The general condition is not disturbed.
- Ulcerative stomatitis. This disease is accompanied by high soreness, aggravated by eating and talking. Most often, ulcerative stomatitis develops in people suffering from gastric ulcer or chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system and blood, as well as infectious diseases and poisoning.
Against the background of the hyperemic and edematous mucous membrane of the mouth in the area of \u200b\u200bthe palate, gums, lips, tongue, bubbles with transparent contents appear, after opening which erosions are formed, covered with fibrinous plaque. Solitary erosion can coalesce to form extensive erosive surfaces. Gingival papillae are hyperemic, edematous, bleed easily. Hyposalivation appears, discomfort in the pharynx, perspiration.
The child's condition may deteriorate: appears, appetite decreases, body temperature rises to 38 ° C. The submandibular lymph nodes may be enlarged, painful on palpation. The severity of the course of the disease depends on the prevalence of pathological changes in the oral mucosa, the presence of foci of chronic infection.
- Vesicular stomatitis (stomatitis vesiculosa contagiosa)... This stomatitis is seen in animals. It is an acute, infectious disease, mainly of ungulates, characterized by fever, vesicular lesions of the oral mucosa, skin of the lips, nasal speculum, udder, corolla and interdigital fissure.
Diagnosis of stomatitis
To detect stomatitis, the doctor usually first examines the patient's medical record and then proceeds to a visual examination of the oral cavity. There are no specific medical tests (such as biopsies or culture studies) to detect stomatitis yet. The main symptom of stomatitis is the appearance of ulcers, their location and the fact that stomatitis is a recurring disease. In addition, with stomatitis, the tissue immediately surrounding the ulcer has a normal, healthy appearance, and the patient himself does not experience any vivid systemic symptoms (for example, there is no fever or feeling unwell), with the exception of, of course, severe forms of stomatitis, such as ulcerative or aphthous, which are accompanied by painful sensations.
Treatment of stomatitis involves two areas of strategy: strengthening the immune system (strengthening the body's defenses), as well as a local effect on the affected area.
To relieve inflammation and stimulate the recovery of mucous membranes, cotton swabs or discs moistened with a prescribed drug composition can be used. Local irrigation and mouth rinsing are also suitable.
In the process of treating stomatitis, the task is also to relieve unpleasant pain. For this, the damaged area is rinsed or irrigated with a liquid antiseptic. The prepared composition can be universal and disinfect (antiviral treatment) of the oral cavity. Among the available and effective means, you can recommend a weak pink solution of manganese potassium, Rivanol, and Furacilin. Simple hydrogen peroxide also disinfects well.
Important! When treating stomatitis, try to avoid getting medicines inside the body.
How to treat stomatitis in adults?
If the doctor confirms the disease, the damaged area of \u200b\u200bthe mouth must be treated every 3 hours. This is especially true for the first time of the development of the disease. Timely started treatment procedures will reduce the affected lesion and accelerate recovery time, as well as prevent the transition of stomatitis from a mild to a more severe form. After rinsing or applying cotton swabs, you can supplement the course with antiviral ointments. Good for this: "", "Florenal ointment" (0.5%) or "Tebrofenovaya ointment".
During the day, it is worth monitoring the oral hygiene, i.e. monitor the condition of the teeth and promptly remove food debris, which can affect the growth of bacteria. For these purposes, rosehip oil, peach oil, sea buckthorn oil, as well as can be effective adjuvants. These natural medicines are also applied topically, with cotton swabs and pads.
Well complement the treatment and accelerate the recovery from stomatitis with funds that strengthen the body's defenses (human immune system). Developed immunity helps to reduce the risk of recurrence of lesions of the oral mucosa, and also stimulates the healing of the skin. In order to restore the strengthening of the immune system, stress factors are limited, courses of intensive immunization are prescribed, and general strengthening procedures are prescribed. A number of immune-enhancing agents are very effective and available: Echinacea tincture, brewer's yeast, and others.
How to cure stomatitis in children?
The strategy of therapeutic therapy for a child with stomatitis remains unchanged, and is similar to treatment as in adults.
Additionally, you can add treatment of the child's oral cavity with a 2-5% solution of baking soda. To do this, stir a dessert spoon of soda in a glass of lukewarm water. These rinses create an alkaline environment in the mouth. However, you should not get too carried away with this composition (more than a few days), since soda helps to loosen the structures of the mucous membrane, which makes the integument vulnerable to infection. If the patient is very small, it is necessary to treat the mother's nipples with soda solution, as well as all the baby's pacifiers.
An important element in the treatment of stomatitis is a balanced diet. With stomatitis, you should not get carried away with sweets, which contribute to the formation of a favorable environment for the development of microorganisms. It is recommended to saturate the diet with fresh fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins and, for example, oranges, bananas, kiwi, apples. The following products are also useful: nuts (especially pine nuts), rice, beef liver,. Dairy products are also useful: kefir, fermented baked milk. It is worth watching, which is an effective measure of prevention and quick recovery.
In any case, it is worth limiting the social circle of a person who has an infectious stomatitis due to the possibility of infecting others. An effective measure of protection is the wearing of a gauze bandage, which is recommended to be replaced frequently with a fresh one.
Medicines for stomatitis
Important! Before using any drug, be sure to consult your doctor, carefully read the annotation attached to it, which contains indications, instructions for use and safety measures to make sure that this drug is right for you and you can use it.
Anesthetic drugs. Ulcers with stomatitis can be very painful - to the extent that they can interfere with the patient's normal life. Some ready-made preparations contain anesthetic (pain relieving) substances, for example: "Benzocaine", "Lidocaine", "Trimecaine", colanchoe juice. These foods can reduce the sensitivity of the ulcers so that the ulcers do not interfere with, for example, eating or talking. Some manufacturers include these anesthetics in pastes that cover the ulcers with a protective film.
Antibacterial drugs. Some ready-made preparations for the treatment of stomatitis contain ingredients that have an antibacterial effect ("", "Metrogyl-denta", "Sodium tetraborate"). These foods can prevent bacteria from reinfecting ulcers. Some studies have shown that antibacterial mouth cleaners can speed up the healing of sores and significantly reduce soreness. For example, mouthwash containing chlorhexidine bigluconate, an antibacterial drug that studies have shown accelerates ulcer healing.
Rinse three times a day, spitting out the solution after rinsing. Please be aware that using this drug can cause stains on teeth and "white" fillings, which will gradually disappear after you stop using the drug.
Preparations that cleanse ulcers. Bacterial plaque on the surface of the ulcer can slow down the healing process. Some finished products have properties to remove these particles. Such products usually contain carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide.
Antiviral drugs. If aphthous stomatitis is caused by a virus, then antiviral agents will help to cope with it, for example: "", "Florenal ointment" (0.5%), "Tebrofen ointment", "Interferon ointment", "Bonafton ointment". Talk to your doctor before using these drugs.
Products that form a protective film on ulcers and accelerate healing. Some companies have developed pastes that, when applied to ulcers, can form a protective film on the surface. This film protects the ulcer from irritants found in some foods and beverages. In addition, these drugs contain components that accelerate the healing of the mucous membrane
Drugs that accelerate the restoration of damaged epithelium (keratoplasty): “Carotolin”, “Solcoseryl”, sea buckthorn oil, propolis ointment, rosehip oil, vinylin.
Means that strengthen local and general immunity. There are drugs that can activate the body's own defense mechanisms and make them work in the right direction. The drug "Immudon" activates the protective factors in the oral cavity. A general strengthening and stimulating general immunity effect will be provided by multivitamins containing vitamin C and B vitamins.
Folk remedies for the treatment of stomatitis
With stomatitis, it is necessary to regularly rinse the mouth cavity, which will reduce pain, reduce inflammation and stimulate recovery processes. It is important to exclude or at least limit the use of salty, sour, spicy and smoked foods that irritate the mucous membranes.
For stomatitis at home, use the following remedies:
— Rinse with baking soda. 1h spoon into a glass of water, at a time. You need to rinse your mouth often - maybe even a couple of times an hour.
— Rinse with hydrogen peroxide. 1 teaspoon of peroxide is enough for 0.5 cups of warm water. You need to be careful not to swallow the solution. For this reason, the peroxide should be carefully rinsed with small children.
— Boron Vaseline. When stomatitis in children, it is necessary to treat the oral cavity with boric petroleum jelly. The temperature drops rapidly and the ulcers heal.
— Alum. Buy alum at the pharmacy and rinse several times a day. After a week, all the ulcers healed. To prepare the medicine, you need to take a piece of alum and dilute it in boiled water. so that it tastes like something viscous and sour. If a child has stomatitis, wrap a finger with a bandage, moisten it in a solution and process the baby's mouth.
— Onion broth. Treatment for both children and adults. Finely chop a medium-sized onion and add 30-50 ml of water. Bring to a boil and cool. Adults should keep this broth in their mouth. To cure stomatitis in a child, you need to wash your hands with soap, wrap your finger with a bandage, dip in the broth and lubricate the oral cavity.
— Kalina with honey. Prepare viburnum puree with honey for use. Children should like it, and stomatitis should go away in a couple of days.
— Bloodroot. Pour 1 teaspoon of crushed Potentilla erectus rhizome with 1 glass of water, leave for 5 hours, boil. Rinse your mouth.
— Tea rose liqueur. Rose petals are good for treating diseases of the oral cavity (stomatitis, sores, cracks). To prepare this folk remedy for stomatitis, you need to collect tea rose petals (60-80 roses), put in an enamel bowl, pour 2 liters of boiling water, put to infuse for a day. Then strain, add 2 kg of sugar, 500 ml of good vodka, 1 tbsp. l. citric acid. The color should be like tea. Collect the petals when the rose begins to crumble. How to treat: in the evening before going to bed, take a sip of liquor in your mouth, rinse in your mouth for about a minute and swallow. In the morning, most often everything goes away. This remedy helps someone the first time, someone 3-4 times, but it always helps.
— Green tea. Apply a dry green tea leaf to the sore and wait until it gets wet. Repeat the procedure several times a day.
— Hypericum tincture. Prepare a tincture of St. John's wort in 40% alcohol or vodka in a 1: 5 ratio. Use as an astringent and anti-inflammatory for rinsing the gums and mouth: 30-40 drops per 0.5 glass of water. Inside, take 40-50 drops.
— Feverweed. Pour 1 tablespoon of erythematosus flat-leaved herb with 1 glass of water, boil for 15 minutes, leave for 1 hour, drain. Rinse your mouth.
— Pharmaceutical camomile. Pour 15-20 g of flowers with 1 glass of water, insist, it is recommended to add 4 g of boric acid to the infusion. Use as an anti-inflammatory and antiseptic for rinsing the mouth.
— Burdock root. Burdock root is a very effective remedy. For the broth, you need to take two parts of burdock root and one part of chicory herb. To begin with, take two tablespoons of chopped burdock roots and pour 400 grams of boiling water. Then it needs to be boiled over low heat for forty minutes and add one tablespoon of chicory. After that, the broth should be infused for an hour, and then you can filter. The prepared infusion is used for gargling the throat and pharynx, several times a day after a meal.
— Burdock seeds. For this, the seeds are crushed in any convenient way and a small pinch of salt is added to the resulting juice. Put on fire and evaporate slightly, then add some pork fat or butter. It turns out a kind of ointment with which you need to lubricate the gums. After using such a medicine, recovery occurs in a matter of days.
— Blueberries. Blueberries are an excellent remedy for stomatitis. This folk remedy can be used to treat stomatitis in children. Because it tastes good, children usually accept it willingly. Blueberries can be consumed both fresh and in the form of a decoction and tea. A decoction of blueberry leaves is used for mouthwash 4-5 times a day.
— Ointment. Ingredients: sea buckthorn, linseed oil, rosehip oil, propolis. For one treatment of the oral cavity with stomatitis, you need to mix all the ingredients in equal parts, depending on the size of the areas to be treated. For example, if there are one or two sores in the mouth, one drop of each of the listed ingredients is enough for you. Apply every time after meals and one hour after rinsing.
Remedies for stomatitis in infants at home
- Lugol's solution. You can treat stomatitis in infants with Lugol's solution in glycerin (sold at the pharmacy). The wounds in the mouth are smeared with cotton swab at least three times a day. This folk recipe helps everyone flawlessly.
- Calendula. For treatment, you need to brew 1 tbsp. a spoonful of dried calendula flowers with a glass of boiling water. Insist 1 hour. Wipe with a cotton swab or cotton pad moistened with this infusion, the oral cavity 3 times a day. Add carrot juice to the child's drinking water, the amount of juice depends on age.
- Blue iodine. In drugstores, you can buy methylene blue solution, popularly called blue iodine. Dip a cotton swab in this solution and lubricate the wounds - they disappear in just 1-2 days. Blue iodine does not sting, it is the best and most reliable way to treat stomatitis in infants. But it will also help adults to cure stomatitis!
Prevention of stomatitis
Prevention of stomatitis includes the following activities:
- beware of damage to the tissues of the oral cavity;
- monitor the health of your teeth: damaged teeth and fillings must be corrected;
- carefully, for what use not only, but also dental floss;
- rinse your mouth;
- do not use oral care products that irritate the oral mucosa;
- braces can be coated with dental wax;
- do not eat food that can cause you an allergic reaction;
- try to eat food fortified with vitamins and minerals;
- avoid stressful situations.
Which doctor to contact with stomatitis
Video about stomatitis
Stomatitis is an inflammation of the lining of the mouth. It should be remembered that the disease acts as a protective response of the immune system to possible irritants. As a rule, sores in the oral cavity appear more often in children, but in recent years, due to the unfavorable environmental situation, a massive decrease in immunity among the population has begun, which has become the reason for the appearance of this unpleasant ailment among adults. How to treat stomatitis in the mouth and what are the causes of its occurrence?
Causes of stomatitis in adults
The main factors that provoke stomatitis include:
- Bacteria, viruses, mycoplasmas. Since various causative agents of infectious diseases are directly related to the occurrence of mouth ulcers, provoking facts are necessary for their reproduction.
- Unbalanced diet. With an inadequate or improper diet, there is a high risk of stomatitis. This is especially due to insufficient intake of zinc, folic acid, iron and B vitamins.
- Mechanical, chemical and thermal trauma to the oral cavity. As a rule, many patients themselves pay attention to the fact that they have stomatitis, the causes of which are associated with any damage. Violation of the integrity of the oral mucosa occurs in various ways. Quite often, stomatitis in adults occurs after a scratch on the edge of the crown, cheek bite, from a cut, after injury from dried fish, breadcrumbs, and nuts. Chemical burns with alkali or acid can also cause inflammation. Small injuries heal quite easily, but if there are adverse factors, then there is a risk of developing an unpleasant ailment.
- Poor quality dentures or poor fitting can cause stomatitis. A photo of the disease provoked by these factors can be seen in dental offices or in our article in the second photo.
- Violation of basic hygiene rules, eating with unwashed hands, eating unprocessed vegetables and fruits.
- Alcohol abuse and smoking often contribute to mouth ulcers.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, which include gastritis, colitis, helminthic invasions.
- Treatment of various malignant neoplasms, chemotherapy or radiation can provoke inflammation in adults.
- HIV infection is a serious cause of stomatitis in adults.
- Anemia is a significant risk factor.
- Dehydration from diarrhea or vomiting, prolonged fever, and significant blood loss are all risk factors for inflammation.
- Hormonal diseases, menopause.
Stomatitis: symptoms and treatment of the disease in adults
It is important to know that timely and early treatment will help prevent relapses. Usually, the signs of stomatitis are the same for different types of lesions. Stomatitis in adults rarely occurs in an acute form, with a high fever and symptoms of general intoxication. But when the first signs of an unpleasant disease appear, be sure to seek help from a doctor, since in the absence of proper treatment and identifying the causes of the occurrence, the risk of recurrence increases in the future.
- The onset of stomatitis is characterized by the appearance of redness at the site of the lesion. Further, the affected area swells, swells, becomes painful. Sometimes there is a slight burning sensation.
- In the most common bacterial stomatitis, a round or oval ulcer forms, around which an inflamed halo appears. A thin white film forms inside it, the edges of the ulcer are quite even.
- The pain with stomatitis can be quite severe, many cannot chew food normally and are forced to limit movements with their tongue and lips.
- In addition to a painful ulcer, increased salivation begins to bother, sometimes bleeding of the gums is observed, and bad breath appears.
- Sometimes the temperature rises during stomatitis when there is an acute illness, accompanied by an increase in lymph nodes.
How to treat stomatitis in the mouth? If you have a mild catarrhal form of the disease, then treatment with medication in this case may not be necessary. In other cases, therapy involves taking antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal drugs along with drugs that are aimed at raising immunity. When stomatitis occurs in children, treatment with potent drugs is prescribed only in extreme cases.
Since there are a lot of causes of the disease (fungus, stress, viruses, injuries, bacteria, chronic diseases), only a qualified specialist can establish the real cause, choose the right treatment tactics and prescribe the right drugs.
If you do not have a medical education, and you do not know how to properly cure stomatitis, you should not self-medicate.
Stomatitis treatment methods
There are three ways to treat stomatitis:
- Local treatment that will help relieve pain and relieve acute symptoms of the inflammatory process.
- Oral treatment with drugs, which is carried out to eliminate the causes of stomatitis.
- Treatment of stomatitis using a laser.
It is worth considering in more detail these methods of treatment.
Drug treatment
Basically, this method of treatment is used if the cause of stomatitis is an infectious agent. Naturally, this is revealed only in laboratory analysis. How to treat stomatitis in the mouth in this case? Most often, antibiotics "Gentamicin", "Canatsimin", "Lincomycin", "Penicillin" are used in the fight against bacterial infections. Along with these drugs, antihistamines are prescribed, which are used in order to avoid the manifestation of an allergic reaction. The course also includes probiotics that help restore the intestinal microflora.
Antiviral drugs include echinacea tincture and Interferon, since antibiotics do not act on viruses. In addition, it is recommended to increase immunity in viral infections with the help of immunomodulatory drugs and course receptions of vitamins B, A, C, in some cases E. Sometimes doctors prescribe folic acid.
Local treatment
The most effective is local treatment of stomatitis, since it includes frequent rinsing of the oral cavity using disinfectant solutions, antiseptics (hydrogen peroxide, Chlorhexidine, Miramistin, Furacilin, a weak solution of potassium permanganate).
Good remedies for stomatitis in the form of medicinal decoctions, which include calendula, sage, oak bark, linden. If it is not possible to rinse the mouth, then pain relieving sprays, such as Tantum Verde, can help in this situation. Also, for local treatment, ointments "Zovirax", "Acyclovir", "Oxolinic" can be prescribed. For anesthesia, applications with benzocaine, lidocaine, trimecaine are perfect, and for faster healing, liquid vitamins A and E, Kalanchoe juice and sea buckthorn oil are prescribed.
Laser treatment of stomatitis
Every day, the treatment of stomatitis in adults with a laser device is gaining momentum, which acts quickly, absolutely painlessly and disinfects the damaged area as much as possible. But it is only used in large clinics. This method makes it possible to remove nerve endings from the erosive surface, automatically relieve pain caused by the disease, and shorten the recovery period. Since this method has no contraindications, many patients are often interested in how much treatment with this method costs. The price of the procedure depends directly on the prestige of the clinic, but the brand of the installation used is also taken into account.
Allergic stomatitis
Today, among 30% of the population there are allergic reactions to plant pollen, animal hair, food, drugs. Contact with certain medications or dentures may cause allergic stomatitis in the mouth.
This type of stomatitis is not considered as a separate disease, since it is part of the general allergic manifestation. His treatment, as a rule, comes down to taking antihistamines such as "Cetrina", "Suprastin", "Tavegil", which help to eliminate the allergen.
Ulcerative stomatitis
This type of stomatitis has a more severe clinical picture, since it can develop both independently and take an advanced form of catarrhal stomatitis. Most often, this disease is observed in people who suffer from chronic enteritis, stomach ulcer, blood diseases and infectious ailments. With ulcerative stomatitis, there is an increase in temperature, which rises to 37 ° C, there is a headache, weakness, and enlarged lymph nodes.
Stomatitis in children
The development of stomatitis in children occurs for several reasons. The kid cannot always express his feelings, explain the nature and location of pain, the time at which it appeared. When stomatitis occurs in children, its symptoms are high body temperature, sleep disturbances, refusal to eat, and changes in stool. All this has a connection with the peculiarities of the course of all metabolic processes and reactions of the child's body.
Classification of pediatric stomatitis and causes of occurrence
A certain type of stomatitis refers to a specific age of the child, but, of course, there are exceptions:
- In babies from birth to three years of age, the most common is candidal stomatitis.
- For babies from one to three years old, herpetic stomatitis is characteristic.
- Aphthous and allergic stomatitis is most common in school-age children.
- Children of any age suffer from bacterial stomatitis, which occurs against the background of mechanical, thermal trauma to the oral cavity, the use of unwashed fruits, violations of hygiene rules, and eating with unwashed hands. Often, babies have stomatitis during the period when their teeth are climbing.
The reasons for frequent childhood stomatitis are that the mucous membrane of the oral cavity of babies is more delicate, and its injury occurs quite easily. In this case, the child's immune system cannot cope with infections that enter the mouth.
Remember that if stomatitis manifests itself in children, treatment should be carried out competently and as quickly as possible - at the first manifestations of the symptoms of this disease.
Treatment of fungal stomatitis in children
For treatment, it is necessary to perform local procedures, which consist in creating an alkaline environment, since it is its absence in the oral cavity that promotes the active reproduction of bacteria and fungus. How to treat stomatitis in a child's mouth?
- It is necessary to clean the mouth about six times a day, using a baking soda solution: two teaspoons of baking soda in a glass of water. A 2% boric acid solution is also suitable for rinsing.
- There is a special gel, solution and cream of the Candide brand, which contains clotrimazole: it has good antifungal effects.
- You can use nystatin ointment, Clotrimazole cream, and Pimafucin cream when treating affected areas. The bulk of all fungal agents accumulates directly in the area of \u200b\u200bthe teeth, therefore, special attention should be paid to the area of \u200b\u200bthe cheeks and gums when treating the oral cavity.
- For older children, it is possible to prescribe antifungal agents in suspensions or tablets, which include the drugs "Fluconazole", "Diflucan".
- With any stomatitis, you must follow a diet: with a candidal variety, you need to exclude acidic drinks and fruits, rough and tough foods, too cold and hot water, reduce the consumption of sweets, confectionery, carbohydrate foods.
Herpetic stomatitis
It is one of the most common forms of stomatitis among children and adults. This is due to the fact that 95% of the population is infected with the herpes virus, and the development of a herpes reaction primarily depends on the immune system.
The danger of this virus is that it does not completely disappear from the body, remaining in a latent state. If the child has weak immunity, then the disease becomes chronic, in which relapses are possible.
Treatment of stomatitis among children
How to treat stomatitis in the mouth if a child has an exacerbation with severe symptoms? With a mild to moderate inflammatory process, the child can be treated on an outpatient basis. If fungal stomatitis is detected in children, therapy implies the exclusion of acidic foods (especially citrus fruits), salty and spicy foods, and canned food from the diet. Treatment of stomatitis consists in the use of general therapeutic measures:
- Treatment of ulcers with propolis.
- Children are advised to treat the affected areas with medicinal broths, which include chamomile, sage and Kalanchoe juice. To do this, you must use cotton pads soaked in broth. The procedure is carried out 3-4 times a day.
- The healing of wounds is facilitated by the drug "Katrotolin" - an oil solution, which contains vitamin A and rosehip oil.
- With frequent relapses of herpetic stomatitis, doctors prescribe oral antiviral drugs, for example, "Acyclovir", "Valtrex".
- Shown for vitamin therapy: you can use absorbable tablets "Imudon". They should be taken about 8 pieces per day, the course of treatment is one week.
Treatment of stomatitis with folk remedies
In order to cure stomatitis quickly enough, it is necessary to make the correct diagnosis and apply the right drugs. In addition to drug treatment, when a doctor prescribes a medicine for stomatitis, you can use alternative methods, most of which are often recommended even by the dentists themselves.
So, you have stomatitis. Reviews about this disease are not the most encouraging, so start treatment quickly. For example, daily rinsing of the mouth with a baking soda solution is excellent for healing sores. This procedure reduces the acidity in the mouth, which is a beneficial environment for the growth of fungi and bacteria.
In order not to increase the number of erosions and aft, treatment of the mucous membrane with a solution of hydrogen peroxide helps. It disinfects the wound surface and relieves pain well.
If the patient does not have a predisposition to allergic reactions, propolis tincture will provide invaluable help in the fight against stomatitis. The film that forms at the same time perfectly heals the wound, does not allow pathogenic bacteria to get there.
You can eliminate stomatitis with herbs. Decoctions of sage, calendula, chamomile, St. John's wort, flat-leaved erythematosus help. Rinse 3-4 times a day. To remove stomatitis on the lip, lotions and rinses with decoctions made from oak bark, as well as crushed Potentilla root, are used.
A good remedy for healing aft can be found at home - freshly squeezed cabbage and carrot juices. They are useful not only to rinse the mouth, but also to take it orally.
Another remedy for stomatitis is grated potatoes. Because potatoes contain a high level of starch, even a small piece applied to inflammation relieves swelling and promotes healing of damage.
Prevention of stomatitis
The basis for the prevention of stomatitis is the observance of all hygiene rules that are associated with the oral cavity. It is necessary to brush your teeth twice a day and be sure to visit a hygienist every six months.
In addition to this, you must not only monitor the cleanliness of your teeth, but also their condition. For the purpose of preventing caries and stomatitis, visit your dentist at least once every six months.
Wearing dentures and braces requires special attention, as they can injure the mucous membrane.
To prevent stomatitis, it is important to monitor what you eat. You can go to a specialist, conduct allergy tests and find out which foods should be excluded from the diet, since they can cause allergies.
It is not recommended to constantly eat those foods that can have an irritating or traumatic effect on the oral mucosa. It can be too spicy, marinated, salty and crunchy. Limit alcohol, do not drink orange and tomato juices. The diet should be balanced, since a lack of nutrients and vitamins can cause not only stomatitis. The photo in our article will clearly demonstrate how unpleasant stomatitis ulcers are. Moreover, the relapses that occur will prompt that either a period of weakening of the immune system has begun, or an infectious disease is taking place.
Stomatitis is a disease of the oral cavity, which is accompanied by inflammation of the mucous membranes, the appearance of painful ulcers, aphthae, and blistering eruptions. Usually, stomatitis treatment in adults and children is carried out at home using various forms of drugs: tablets, drops, sprays, gels, lozenges, mouthwashes.
The causes of the disease
Many people consider stomatitis to be a childhood disease caused by eating unwashed foods. But the problem also applies to adults, the reasons for its appearance can be:
- infection of the oral mucosa with bacteria or viruses through the patient's personal belongings, dishes or a kiss;
- plaque, tartar and any manifestations of poor quality care for the oral cavity, teeth;
- smoking, alcohol abuse;
- any damage to the mucous membrane with its further infection;
- poor quality denture;
- an allergic reaction to food, medicines, cosmetics;
- activation of viral infections, bacteria, pathogenic flora against a background of weakened immunity.
Foci of stomatitis appear on the cheeks, tongue, palate, gums, throat. The more active the pathogen and the weaker the patient's immunity, the more difficult the disease progresses and the more extensive the damage to the mucosa. In patients with a strong immune system, only a slight inflammation of the mucosal surface is possible, without ulcers and aphthae. It is important not to hesitate, but to seek help and effective treatment for stomatitis from an experienced doctor.
Disease types
There are several forms of stomatitis in the mouth in adults:
| Depending on the cause of the appearance (pathogen) | According to external signs and clinical picture | By the nature of the development of the disease |
|---|---|---|
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How to treat stomatitis in adults in the mouth
Dentists distinguish slightly different types of stomatitis in the mouth in adults: herpetic, aphthous, allergic and prosthetic, candidal and necrotic ulcers. Their treatment is carried out at home under the supervision of a specialist.
Herpetic
A type of stomatitis caused by the herpes virus. According to statistics, only 2% of the world's population is not infected with this virus. The first contact with the pathogen in most cases occurs in childhood, so the chances of an acute form of the disease in adults are very small.
The list of factors contributing to the development of the disease includes:
- low immunity;
- spring beriberi;
- antibiotic treatment;
- stress;
- diseases of the teeth and gums;
- inflammatory processes in the body;
- chronic diseases;
- respiratory diseases: tonsillitis, sinusitis;
- bad habits, smoking.
At the initial stage of the disease, patients notice that their lymph nodes are inflamed, a transparent blistering rash appears, concentrated in one place: on the palate, palatine arches, in the tongue, on the lips or cheeks. In the future, the bubbles burst, and in their place, one extensive or several small wounds are formed. At first, the erosion is red, but soon they are covered with a whitish coating. The resulting wounds are very painful, especially when chewing, talking.
Treatment for aphthous stomatitis lasts up to 2 weeks. For a quick recovery at the first manifestations of stomatitis, antiviral drugs are prescribed, rinsing the mouth with disinfectants with further treatment of the affected areas with medicinal ointments, for example, Viferon gel. Be sure to pay attention to improving the patient's immunity by taking immunomodulators, vitamins.
To reduce pain, reduce fever, pain relievers, antipyretic drugs may be prescribed. In the case of localization of rashes on the lips, ointments, anti-herpes creams are used.
Attention! Herpetic stomatitis is a contagious disease. Therefore, drinking from one cup and kissing a sick person is unsafe for health.
Aphthous
In adults, it manifests itself as small painful sores on the oral mucosa. They have a rounded shape, a clear red border, and their inner cavity is covered with plaque. Aphthae are formed mainly on the inside of the cheeks, lips, rarely on the tongue. What aphthous stomatitis looks like in an adult, look at the photo.
Symptoms of aphthous stomatitis bother adults for no more than 10 days, treatment involves the following actions:
- Food and medications that could cause an allergic reaction should be avoided. Food and drug allergies often precede the development of stomatitis in adults. Antihistamines are prescribed to help the body.
- You need to regularly rinse your mouth with disinfectants, and then treat the affected areas with Cholisal gel, Stomatofit-A balm.
- It is necessary to use regenerating ointments, gels (Solcoseryl) to relieve painful sensations and accelerate the healing process.
- When the first signs of the development of an illness appear, it is recommended to drink immunostimulating medicines, vitamins.
- Visit your dentist for oral debridement if the disease is caused by staphylococcal bacteria. He will remove plaque and stones, heal teeth affected by caries.
Treatment of aphthous stomatitis in adults is only medication, lasts up to 12 days.
Allergic
This is the body's reaction to a strong external stimulus (allergen), to which the patient has excessive sensitivity. Allergy lowers immunity and increases the risk of infection with harmful bacteria, viruses, microorganisms.
To eliminate the disease, it is important to timely identify the product to which the body reacts in a similar way, and to exclude contact with the allergen. The disease is treated with antihistamines.
Prosthetic
Prosthetic stomatitis occurs mainly in people over 35 for two reasons:
Candidal
It belongs to the category of fungal diseases, since the causative agent of the disease is the yeast-like fungus Candida albicans. Babies are at risk due to the immaturity of the oral mucosa, unformed immunity and frequent dysbiosis. A baby can become infected with a fungal infection during childbirth from a mother with thrush.
Oral candidiasis also occurs in adults. Its development is accompanied by immunity, weakened by prolonged use of antibiotics, diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis and other complex chronic diseases.
Symptoms of the development of the disease in adults:
- burning in the mouth and throat;
- the surface of the tongue covered with a whitish coating, the mucous membrane of the mouth and throat;
- if you try to get rid of plaque, the areas affected by the fungus will begin to bleed;
- bad breath.
Treatment of candidal stomatitis in adults involves the rejection of antibiotics, medications accompanying the development of thrush, or their replacement with others. To combat the "milk" fungus use potent antifungal pills, creams and ointments.
For candidal stomatitis in adults, the following medications are recommended: Levorin, Nistanin, Candide, Clotrimazole, and their analogues.
The complex of therapy also includes the treatment of the oral cavity with anti-inflammatory, antiseptic agents. Well suited in this case is a spray for stomatitis Lugol, rinsing with a soda solution. Immunostimulating agents and vitamins will help speed up the healing process.
Try to pay more attention to oral hygiene during treatment. If wearing dentures, remove, wash and wipe them daily. It is recommended to leave the denture in Chlorhexidine solution overnight.
Attention! Medicines for stomatitis in adults are prescribed only by a doctor. Self-medication is dangerous to the patient's health and leads to complications.
Ulcerative necrotic
The disease is caused by the activity of harmful bacteria against the background of weak immunity, poor oral hygiene, and smoking. At the stage of the development of the disease, the patient's general condition worsens, the body temperature rises, the gums begin to bleed, and dry mouth appears.
In the future, the symptoms intensify, the gums, palate, cheeks and tongue become covered with a white-gray coating, the temperature can rise to 40° C... Any meal, brushing your teeth is accompanied by pain. In the chronic form of the disease, tooth roots are exposed, necrosis of the periodontal papillae. What stomatitis looks like, look at the photo.
Treatment of the necrotic ulcerative form of the disease is performed in two stages: first at the dentist, then at home using drugs.
For home therapy, the following are prescribed:
- Antibiotics: injections or pills for stomatitis.
- Rinsing the mouth with a disinfectant solution 3 times a day.
- Treatment of gums, gingival papillae and inflamed mucous membranes with Holistal and Metrogyl-dent gel. It is necessary to smear the mucous membranes with them 3 times a day and only after rinsing with Chlorhexidine or using Miramistin spray.
- Taking antihistamines, they are required in the treatment of stomatitis.
During and after the course of therapy, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system with special drugs and vitamins. Drug treatment of ulcerative necrotizing stomatitis in adults lasts 10 days.
Choosing a remedy for stomatitis in the mouth
All drugs for the treatment of stomatitis in the mouth in adults are divided into 9 groups:
An important point! Before taking medications, do not be lazy to read the instructions for them, check the list of contraindications and dosage.
Stomatitis in a child: what to do and how to treat
The child's body is more sensitive to drugs and their effects on internal organs, so not all stomatitis drugs can be used to treat children.
For the treatment of diseases of the oral mucosa in children, use:
- Acyclovir. Antiviral drug, an effective remedy for herpetic stomatitis in the mouth in children over 2 years old. For patients under the age of two years, the use of the drug is allowed, but with a halving of the dosage.
- Spray Miramistin. An excellent antiseptic. Additionally, it has antiviral, bactericidal effect. During the treatment period, the mucous membrane is sprayed 3-4 times a day.
- Lollipops Imudon. A powerful immunomodulatory agent for adults and children. It is used to treat and prevent disease.
- Viferon. Immunostimulating, antiviral medicine for stomatitis in the mouth. Contains vitamins E, C. Produced in the form of suppositories, gels, ointments of various dosages.
- Suprastin. Belongs to the category of antihistamines. For the treatment of children, its analogs Diazolin, Tavegil are also used.
- Vitamin solution Aekol. It is used topically and topically. It is necessary to smear Aekol on damaged areas, cleared of plaque. A relatively cheap and effective drug.
- Lollipops Karmolis. Shows high efficiency in the treatment of gum disease. They have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, immunomodulatory and antiviral effects. Can be used to relieve pain. Lollipops are inexpensive, suitable for children and the elderly.
It is allowed to use cheap and natural folk remedies in treatment, but this must be done after consulting a doctor. Please note that these drugs act as auxiliary, but not essential. It is ineffective to treat stomatitis with some folk remedies.
At the first symptoms of the disease, contact a specialist. This will help to quickly cure the disease and prevent the development of complications.
Stomatitis includes a set of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity, which include cheilitis, glossitis, gingivitis, palatinitis. If the process covers the entire cavity, they speak of a generalized form of pathology, which can be of an independent or secondary nature.
Primary stomatitis in adults develops against the background of immunodeficiency or physical exposure. And also the disease arises as a result of another somatic pathology (changes in the liver and kidneys, hematopoietic, digestive or cardiovascular system).
Types of stomatitis
In the regulatory document for accounting for morbidity, there is no single and generally accepted classification of inflammatory processes in the oral cavity. The division drawn up by Professor A.I. Rybakov and later supplemented by the domestic scientist E.V. Borovsky, which is based on the cause of the disease. There are the following types of pathology:
- Traumatic - occurs as a result of physical, mechanical or chemical damage. It can proceed with the formation of foci of necrosis, which is often found in burns with acids and alkalis.
- Secondary symptomatic - is a sign of a malfunction of the liver, heart, blood vessels, endocrine system.
- Infectious - the pathogenic microflora acts as the cause of the disease. Forms: bacterial (diphtheria bacillus), viral (herpes) and fungal (candidal).
- Specific - non-infectious origin. It occurs as a result of radiation or toxic damage. This group also includes medical stomatitis, which develops when taking certain medications.
Clinical classification implies division based on morphological changes that occur in the affected area. The following forms exist:
- Catarrhal - hyperemia and edema of the mucous membrane without the appearance of necrotic or purulent areas.
- Ulcerative - characterized by the formation of defects in the oral cavity.
- Aphthous (acute or chronic recurrent) - the appearance of oval granular seals surrounded by a red border.
- Beam - cyanotic color and bleeding of the oral cavity, pronounced lesion of the gums, ulcers, dirty gray plaque. It is a symptom of exposure to ionizing radiation.
In 90% of cases, the doctor deals with catarrhal forms of stomatitis. However, it is not always possible to carry out an accurate diagnosis of pathology. Difficulties are the blurred and blurred varieties of the disease.
Symptoms in adults
The clinical picture arising from the inflammatory processes of the dental profile should be considered taking into account the form of the disease. Common symptoms are shown in the table:
| Type of pathology in accordance with the classification of changes | Characteristic manifestations | |
| Catarrhal | Hyperemia, edema, infiltration, white (later gray) plaque, enlargement of the gingival papillae, moderate bleeding. | |
| Ulcerative | Defects of the mucous membrane, films of dirty color, general symptoms (subfebrile condition, muscle pain, weakness). | |
| Aphthous | Acute | General toxic syndrome, granular rash on the mucous membrane. |
| Relapsing | Repeated rashes in the mouth with seasonal frequency (spring and autumn). | |
| Ray | Spot hemorrhages, cyanosis of the mucosa, severe bleeding, gray plaque. There are short remissions followed by a return to the clinic. Extremely slow regeneration. | |
The described clinical picture can vary widely. The resulting symptomatology depends on the patient's age, the reactivity of the body, the state of the immune system, and restorative abilities. The disease is severe in patients with HIV infection in the AIDS stage, agranulocytosis. Existing rashes quickly lose their original appearance under the influence of enzymes of saliva and bacteria inherent in the oral cavity. This complicates the differential diagnosis and determination of the form of the disease.
The course of secondary stomatitis often depends on the underlying disease. For example, with remission of ulcers, inflammation in the oral cavity also subsides. Failure to comply with the recommended diet and a newly discovered defect in the stomach leads to a relapse of secondary symptoms.
How is stomatitis transmitted?
Photo: Stomatitis on the gums Transportation methods directly depend on the pathogen. Bacterial and viral forms spread by airborne droplets, when, when a patient sneezes, a finely dispersed suspension forms, which hangs in the air for a long time. Fungal forms are transmitted by kissing and by the contact-household method, through common household items.
In reality, infection with stomatitis is extremely rare., since the pathogenic microflora is actively suppressed by the immune system. Its distribution on the mucous membrane is possible only in conditions of weakening of protective mechanisms or if there is damage.
The transmission of inflammatory processes of radiation, chemical or traumatic etiology is possible only with the addition of a secondary infection. In this case, the transmission paths do not differ from those described above. It is possible to reduce infection through etiotropic therapy.
First aid for stomatitis
Emergency intervention for superficial inflammation of the oral cavity is not performed. Treatment in adults is planned. Before visiting the doctor, you can rinse with soda. To prepare a working product, a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate is diluted in 250 ml of boiled water. Its temperature should be 30-40 ° C. When the particles of the active substance are completely dissolved, the mixture is taken into the mouth and thoroughly rinsed for 30 seconds. After that, the liquid is spit out. The procedure should be carried out 5-6 times a day.
The presence of a general toxic syndrome is an indication for anti-inflammatory treatment. At home, you can take one NSAID tablet (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol). In addition, the patient is advised to drink plenty of fluids, rest, and control the skin temperature.
How to treat stomatitis in adults
Methods for stopping the inflammatory process depend on the form of the disease and its etiological factor. In classical medicine, certain drugs are used for this, however, stomatitis can be treated with the help of folk methods.
Drugs
Treatment of catarrhal types of pathology is exclusively local. The patient is prescribed daily mouth treatment with 3% hydrogen peroxide, which allows to achieve an antibacterial and oxygenating effect. In addition, rinsing with antiseptic solutions (Chlorhexidine, Miramistin) are used. The dentist sanitizes the oral cavity, polishes the sharp edges of the teeth, removes the sources of chronic infection. A diet is recommended that implies the use of thermally, chemically and mechanically sparing food (grated and steamed dishes).
Ulcerative stomatitis, in addition to similar local treatment, requires the use of keratoplastic agents (oil solution of Retinol acetate or palmitate), which accelerate the regeneration of the mucous membrane. Pain relief is carried out using anesthetic powders. The inflammatory process, accompanied by general symptoms, is an indication for taking antibiotics (Metrogyl, Tetracycline), NSAIDs (Aspirin, Paracetamol).
Herpes and other viral stomatitis are treated with etiotropic agents (Acyclovir), fungal can be treated with systemic antimycotic drugs (Fluconazole).
Internal instructions from health care providers for the relief of aphthous stomatitis recommend topical treatment. Antiseptic rinses, powders with tetracycline or nystatin are used (depending on the etiological factor). If necessary, systemic therapy, the patient is prescribed antibacterial agents, antihistamines (Tavegil) and anti-inflammatory drugs.
The radiation origin of the disease in question requires an integrated approach to the choice of sanitation techniques. For prophylactic purposes, antimicrobial agents are prescribed to a person, rinsing with antibacterial solutions. Pain relief is carried out by applying anesthetic powders and taking painkillers in tablets. Stimulation of regenerative processes is realized using laser installations with a wavelength of 0.63 μm. It is possible to provide such an effect with the help of the "Clinic" or "Yagoda" devices. Healing takes a long time, over several months.
The use of light methods of regenerative influence is strictly contraindicated in cases of oncological diseases of the oral cavity.
Folk remedies
Rapid treatment of stomatitis using non-traditional drugs is possible only in one case, when a catarrhal variety is diagnosed. The following recipes apply:
- Ointment: in a 1: 1: 1 ratio mix liquid honey, olive oil and raw egg white. Add 1 ml of lidocaine to the composition and mix thoroughly. The resulting drug is applied to the affected areas 3-4 times a day. The medicine has a regenerative and anesthetic effect.
- Anti-inflammatory rinse: pour boiling water over chamomile flowers and infuse for an hour. The ratio of raw materials and water should be 1:10, respectively. The procedure is performed several times a day. The spent solution is spit out. The tool is inexpensive, but effective, has a pronounced antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect.
- Rinse with oak bark: 3 tablespoons of raw materials should be poured with 300 ml of water and placed in a steam bath. Cooking time - 25 minutes. It is necessary to use the product in the same way as chamomile infusion. The drug allows you to treat stomatitis due to its tanning, analgesic, regenerating effect.
The use of herbal recipes does not always lead to healing of the gums, inner surfaces of the lips, and other affected areas. With aphthous or ulcerative processes, the use of potent drugs is required.
Prevention of stomatitis
Prevention of the disease in question requires a few simple measures:
- Regularly visit a dentist to sanitize foci of chronic infection, polish sharp edges.
- Brush your teeth twice a day.
- Avoid trauma to the mucous membranes.
- Track changes in the state of chronic somatic diseases.
Such measures cannot completely exclude the development of the inflammatory process, however, they reduce the likelihood of its occurrence.
Doctor's conclusion
Stomatitis is relatively easy to treat. Problems arise in the case of running or widespread processes. These conditions are much more difficult to cure. To avoid complications, a patient with signs of incipient inflammation should be provided with prompt assistance, which can only be provided by a medical professional. Self-medication for stomatitis is not recommended. To prescribe effective therapy, it is better to consult a doctor.
Stomatitis is a common name for inflammation in the mouth: on the tongue, on the inside of the cheeks, in the throat. Unpleasant sensations can interfere with eating, drinking, talking, even sleeping if the pain is severe.
Stomatitis can have several manifestations:
- Aphthae are small ulcers on the mucous membrane that sometimes appear on the tongue. They look like painful round light spots that go away by themselves in 5-10 days. Sometimes there may be several spots.
- Colds on the lips. Exacerbations are also referred to as stomatitis.
- Irritation. Sometimes the inflammatory process is such that ulcers are not formed, but the entire mucous membrane is very irritated.
Why does stomatitis appear
There are many reasons Mouth sores: it can be a variety of infections, injuries or non-communicable diseases.
Some of the causes of stomatitis are:
- Infections. Viruses, bacteria, fungi - all this lives on the mucous membranes and can cause diseases of various organs, in which the oral cavity suffers "at the same time". In children who constantly pull something into their mouth, stomatitis is often the cause. The Coxsackie virus, which scared everyone in the summer of 2017, also causes stomatitis.
- Injuries. For example, if you bite your tongue or cheek, or burn your mouth with some kind of drink.
- Allergies and food sensitivities. This is an individual reaction. Someone cannot eat sour fruits, someone gets sick after a pack of seeds.
- Gum disease. Any inflammation that makes the gums too sensitive.
- Autoimmune diseases. The mucous membrane suffers from diseases that cause the immune system to destroy its own cells: lupus, Crohn's disease.
- Medicines. Some medications cause stomatitis. These can be antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs, hormonal drugs.
- Lack of nutrition and stress. It's hard to imagine that this happens in developed countries, but if you eat instant noodles or follow a strict diet, sleep little and are often nervous, then stomatitis may appear.
How to treat stomatitis
Since stomatitis has many different causes, treatment will differ depending on what caused the disease.
The main thing in the treatment of stomatitis is pain relief. For this, ibuprofen or paracetamol are suitable - these are the most affordable and common drugs.
Ice cream has a good analgesic effect for stomatitis.
It is unusual, because we have always been taught to warm a sore spot, but this is a fact: cold, soft consistency and pleasant taste make it easier to endure diseases of the oral cavity.
There are local pain relieving gels with lidocaine. But they must be used with caution: only adults can use such funds, and they are dangerous for children and babies. The effect of them is temporary, but if the child swallows a large amount of the gel, this can lead to a violation of the heart rhythm and seizures. FDA recommends not using lidocaine to treat teething pain and requires new Boxed Warning.
Remember about diet: there is no need to irritate an already sore mouth with hot, pungent or sour.
When to go to the doctor
Common stomatitis, which manifests itself only in the form of ulcers and discomfort in the mouth, disappears in a maximum of two weeks. In this case, no additional assistance is required. Canker soresunless stomatitis comes often Canker sore - then it is necessary to identify its cause together with a doctor.
If, after two weeks, the inflammation is still with you or, along with stomatitis, any other symptoms of the disease appear (high fever, rash, weakness), visit a therapist and dentist to heal.
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