Table of irregular German verbs with translation. Irregular German verbs

Conjugate verbs in many languages

There are many verbs in every language, and how you conjugate them can differ from language to language. This is why it is very important to have a handy tool that shows you full verb conjugation, making learning faster and more efficient. Regular or irregular, bab.la conjugations have an extensive verb base in all grammatical forms. You will quickly find the one you want. On the homepage you can see an overview of all the languages \u200b\u200bavailable and by choosing the one you want you can start learning how to conjugate verbs. What's more, you can even view a list of the most commonly used verbs in your target language.

All verb forms at a glance

If you are looking for a specific verb that does not appear on this list, you can search in another way. Just select the given language and enter the verb you are looking for in the search bar. At the top of the page, you will see the infinitive and two other forms of the verb, different depending on the language, and then full conjugation in all tenses and moods (indicative, conditional and imperative). At the bottom, you can find the infinitive, participle, gerund, or other forms of the verb in question, and the translation into your original language.

Conjugate verbs without problems

You may have heard that verb conjugation is one of the hardest parts of grammar in many languages, but you have to learn it if you want to be fluent in that language. However, verb conjugation is easier than you think. Regular verbs are pretty simple in most languages, so you'll learn them very quickly. On the other hand, irregular verbs are a different story, but that doesn't mean learning to conjugate them is an impossible mission. Like everything in life, it is a matter of practice and time. As long as you really want to learn a foreign language and you have useful tools, this goal is very close!

When studying the German (German) language, great attention has to be paid to the verbs (verb), since the verb. - this is the center of any dumb. offers. He is often compared to a conductor in an orchestra, since the presence or absence of additional members, their place in the sentence, depends on him.

To those who have recently started learning German, it may seem complicated and confusing, and its verb system is an invention of a rare misanthropist. For example, three forms (f-we) of German verbs. Many people wonder why instead of one verb. (infinitive, which is given in the dictionary) you have to learn 3 forms at once. We hope our article will help you figure it out.

So everyone is dumb. verb has three f-we: infinitive, imperfect (Präteritum) and participle (Partizip II)... Strictly speaking, every verb. has much more forms than these three, but it is about them that will be discussed. For those familiar with English grammar, it will be a little easier, since these forms are similar in the two languages.

With the infinitive, everything is more or less clear, this f-ma is in the dictionary, from it all f-we of the present and future tense are formed: machen, spielen, studieren, verkaufen, einkaufen.

Imperfect (Präteritum)- the past tense, which is commonly used in written German. From the base of the imperfect (second f-we), personal f-we of verbs are formed in this past tense (with the help of personal verb endings).

It is also formed from the infinitive with the special suffix -t- and endings. If the word has a detachable prefix (prefix), then it is carried out separately.

However, this is only true for weak verbs. As for the strong verbs. and verb. mixed conjugation (incorrect), then for them the f-mu of the imperfect must be looked at in a special table (see below).

Mach-en - mach-t-e, spiel-en - spiel-t-e, studieren - studier-t-e, verkauf-en - verkauf-t-e, ein-kauf-en - kauf-t-e ein,

Accordingly, the 2nd f-ma of these verbs: machte, spielte, studierte, verkaufte, kaufte ein.

Past participles (Partizip II) are used as independent parts of speech (passive participles), as well as for the formation of the passive voice, the past tense of Perfekt and Plusquamperfekt and the future tense of Futurum II.

These participles are also formed from the infinitive, with the help of priest. ge- and suffix -t.

Mach-en - ge-mach-t, spiel-en - ge-spiel-t.

NOTES !!!

• These f-we do not have verb endings.
• If the verb. there is a suffix -ier-, then priest. ge- is not added. Stud-ier -en - studier-t, buchstab-ier-en - buchstab-ier-t.
• If verb. begin with non-detachable attachment (be-, ge-, er-, ver-, zer-, ent-, emp-,miss and some others), then priest. ge- not added. Verkauf-en - verkauf-t, be suchen - besuch-t.
• If verb. starts with a detachable attachment, then priest. ge- is placed between priest. and root. Ein -kauf-en - ein-ge -kauf-t, auf -räum-en - auf-ge -räum-t.

Accordingly, the third f-ma is verb .: gemacht, gespielt, studiert, verkauft, eingekauft.

That's all you need to know to form three f-we are him. verbs. It doesn’t hurt, of course, a little practice, but you already have a theory.

As for the strong and irregular (irregular) verbs, it is easier to learn them in the table. You can find a table where there are only 3 f-we, or a table where there are 4. Do not be alarmed, this is not some new confusing form. In fact, in such tables, the f-ma of the 3rd sheet is taken out as a separate column. unit h (i.e. f-ma for he / she / it). Just in the roots of some German verbs. there is an alternation, so it is easier for beginners to learn ready-made functions.

Since two verbs are used as auxiliary in the past tense Perfekt. haben and sein (for verb. movement, change of state and verb. bleiben), then we recommend learning the third f-mu along with the auxiliary verb. All this is reflected in our table.

German verbs have three forms. These three forms are very important because they are used to form different times:

1st form: Infinitiv, or indefinite form. Example: machen (to do)

2nd form: Präteritum, or simple past tense. Example: machte

3rd form: Partizip II, or past participle. Example: gemacht

(s) next to a verb that can appear in the dictionary indicates that this verb forms Perfekt, Plusquamperfekt with the auxiliary verb sein .

With a few exceptions, all verbs in German end in -en, so the 1st form of the verb (infinitive) is its stem + the ending -en: mach ru, sag ru, lach ru, lieb ru...

Second form (Präteritum) for weak verbs usually formed by adding - te to the stem of the verb. That is, we remove the ending -en and add the ending -te: mach te, sag te, lach te, lieb te...

Third form (Partizip II) for weak verbs usually formed by adding a prefix ge- and endings - t to the stem of the verb. For example: gemach t, gesag t, gelach t, gelieb t...

Not so difficult at first glance. BUT these were the rules for weak verbs, and in German there are a lot strong (or irregular) verbswhose forms not formed according to the rules... They need memorize... To do this, you need a table and a lot of patience. Print it out and memorize a little every day.

German Irregular Verb Table

Now let's take a quick look at what each form of the verb is used for.

First form of the German verb (infinitive):

• is in the dictionary
• used with modal verbs: Ich kann lesen... - I can read.
• used in infinitive turns: Es ist zu kalt, so weit in den Wald zu gehen... “It's too cold to walk this far into the forest.
• for future tense education Futurum: Ich werde viel arbeiten... - I will work hard.
• adding the article das sometimes turns the first form into a noun: das Lesen - reading

When the infinitive is conjugated, the present tense form Präsens: Ich mache die Hausaufgabe. - I'm doing my homework.

Second form of the German verb (Präteritum):

• to form the simple past tense Präteritum (used in writing and books): Ich sagte das nicht. - I did not say that.

Third form of the German verb (Partizip II):

• for the formation of a complex past tense Perfekt (used in conversation): Ich habe so viel gelacht... - I laughed so much.
• to form the pre-past tense Plusquamperfekt (used very rarely): Ich hatte so viel gelacht... - I laughed so much. (the difference with the previous one is that here the action happened even earlier)
• for education Passiv (passive): Das Buch wird verkauft... - The book is on sale.

From the description of the functions of the three forms of the German verb, it becomes clear that the most important forms are the first and third. They need to be memorized first. But it is best to learn the three forms together, with a counting number.

Valeria Zakharova,

When learning German, special attention is paid to verbs. This part of speech is mandatory when constructing a German sentence, and also has other equally important functions. A verb is a part of speech that indicates a state or action of an object.

Unregelmäßige Verben

Everything german verbs morphologically can be divided into weak, strong and wrong... It is irregular verbs that cause the greatest difficulty in learning.

Irregular verbs are called verbs that differ in the way the basic forms are formed from strong and weak verbs.

Interesting! Recently, the boundaries of the concepts of "strong" and "irregular" verbs in the German language are rather blurred. Often, to simplify the learning process, all German verbs are divided into only two groups:

• Weak, the formation of the main forms of which lends itself to a clear classification;
• Other, with the formation of Imperfekt (Präteritum) and Partizip II which usually have difficulties. This category includes both strong verbs and irregular verbs. It is recommended to memorize the basic forms of the verbs of this group. For greater convenience, there is a summary table of the conjugation of strong and irregular verbs of the German language.

But! Strong verbs are not irregular, because according to the method of formation of the basic forms, they can be classified.

Irregular verbs of the German language can be roughly divided into three subgroups:

First subgroup	Second subgroup	Third subgroup
kennen (to know)	können (to be able)
nennen (to name)	müssen (to be due)	haben (to have)
brennen (to burn)	dürfen (to be able)	gehen (to go)
rennen (to run)	wollen (to want)	werden (to become)
denken (to think)	wissen (to know)	stehen (to stand)
senden (send) wenden (return)	sollen (to be obligated) mögen (to wish)	tun (to do) bringen (to bring)

First subgroup

Verbs of this subgroup form basic forms according to a weak principle, but they are characterized by a change in the root vowel e on and in Imperfekt and Partizip II:

Be careful!
The verb mögen also changes the root consonant g on ch... In the verb wissen, the root i in Imperfekt and Partizip II changes to u:

In the present tense (Präsens) these verbs change as follows:

er sie es
wir sie Sie

German Irregular Verb Table

Infinitiv	Präsens	Imperfekt	Partizip II
kennen (to know)
nennen (to name)
brennen (to burn)
rennen (to run)
denken (to think)
senden (send)
wenden (return)
können (to be able)
müssen (to be due)
dürfen (to be able)
wollen (to want)
wissen (to know)
sollen (to be obligated)
mögen (to wish)
haben (to have)
werden (to become)
gehen (to go)
stehen (to stand)
tun (to do)
bringen (to bring)

As we can see from the table, the number of irregular verbs in German is quite small. These words are very often used in communication, and some of them serve to form temporary forms. For example, the verb werden is for the formation of the future tense (Futurum). Ich werde lernen. I will learn.

For convenience, the table is divided into three blocks. Memorizing only seven words every day, after three days, without much effort, the vocabulary will be replenished with new useful words, without which full communication is simply impossible.

German 3 forms of the verb is the most important topic in the study of this language.

In German, verbs have 3 special forms. These three basic forms underlie the formation of all temporary forms. So, let's list these forms.

Infinitiv or indefinite form of the verb, then Imperfekt - the form of the past tense, namely, the indicative mood. And finally, Partizip II is also a form of the past, but already the subjunctive mood.

For those who are interested in the topic German 3 forms of the verb, we also recommend reading the materials:

Let's start with the infinitive form. The indefinite form or the infinitive is the form of the verb in the dictionary. Most often in German, this form for most verbs ends in "en".

This is the easiest form, because nothing needs to be changed in it. The verb is in the infinitive form when:

It is not the main verb and stands at the end of the sentence, while the main or semantic verb changes the ending, and the second verb remains unchanged.

- is used in the present tense when referring politely to "Sie" or to many persons (meaning an expression like "wollen wir ...").

- and also when using some infinitive constructions.

The table shows six verbs with translation and example. In this case, all verbs in sentences are in the infinitive form.

The second main form is the form in the imperfect. "Imperfekt" is the name of the lightest of the past tenses in German. Most often it finds its application in the literature. Also used with Plusquamperfekt for suggestions reflecting actions in the pre-past time.

Here, of all the verbs, a separate group can be distinguished. These are the so-called compound verbs. The rest are called simple. Simples form their form by attributing a suffix, and strong ones by changing the root vowel.

The first two verbs - malen and tanzen - are simple verbs that form their imperfect form by adding the ending "-te". The next four verbs are conjugated as strong ones. A distinctive feature of the strong group of verbs is the change in the root vowel in the root of the word.

The last form - Partizip II - is most often used to form a complex past tense. All weak verbs add the prefix "ge" and the suffix "t" to form this form. Strong verbs, as in the formation of Imperfekt, change their root vowel, but, like weak ones, add "ge" and most often the suffix "en". Verb forms in Imperfect and Partizip II with strong verbs need to be known by heart.

It should be noted that some verbs omit the prefix "ge" when forming the third form.

This happens if they have either one of the non-separable prefixes (note the verb verstehen in the table) or the special suffix "-ieren" (for example, Haben Sie vorgestern meine Hausaufgabe korrigiert?)

The table below shows the forms of this tense for the verbs under consideration and provides simple examples using perfect.

So, as you can see, the topic German 3 verb forms will always be in demand when using any tense.