Rural life involves the implementation a large number of works, typical for this type of terrain. No one disputes the honor of manual labor, but the use of small mechanization means, in this case, can only be welcomed.
However, not all categories of citizens have the opportunity to purchase a ready-made mini-tractor in a special store, because the price of even the “cheapest” model can be at least 50 thousand rubles.
All models are equipped with a large, reliable heavy-duty planetary drive for long-lasting service with heavily ballasted tractors and large implements. Large bearings support the planetary sleeves on the axle housings. They are built with large axial tubes and planets capable of withstanding heavy loads and capable of handling loads associated with wide double or triple wheels.
The tradition of building the most reliable planetary combination in the industry begins with placing planetary and sun gears towards the outer axis. The underwater planetary axles deliver all available horsepower thanks to a large, precision-machined floating sun gear. The planetary hubs are suspended on large diameter bearings mounted directly on the axle tubes. The load is supported by the axle assembly housing and not by the drive components.
Here all sorts of craftsmen appear who have adapted to make such units out of all the rubbish that they have in the garage.
What a careless owner would have thrown into a landfill, a savvy and resourceful person is able to make a completely workable device out of this that can perform basic agricultural work.
Planetary axles remain on the tractor during routine maintenance, which limits downtime. Daily inspections are simple with a quick visual check of the axle oil level indicators. Gear transmission can also be changed by two turns.
Traction Force - Traction force from the traction booster on 4-wheel universal drives just past the pivot point, which has a large diameter support pin for maximum strength and durability. The standard drawbar can move from side to side or be locked in place.
Quite popular among such craftsmen, it enjoys DIY 4x4 mini tractor, which presents a rather bizarre design.
All-wheel drive mini tractorhand-made has enough good characteristics cross-country ability, which makes it possible for him to perform virtually the same front of work as shop counterparts, such as,.
There is some speculation that the project was aimed at the Australian market as Australia has many large farms with all acreage in a single block. A very large tractor in Australia will pose fewer problems than in North America, where large farms have their land base in several scattered blocks. This means that agricultural vehicles must move on the roads. Large tractors and related machinery pose significant challenges in road transport.
There is also speculation that tractor manufacturers are in a battle for bragging rights to the largest and most powerful tractor. The modern spacious cab is located in front of the engine compartment with a 550 gallon fuel tank located in front of the cab. The cab opens on both sides through sliding doors and ladders that slide into the tractor body when not in use.
Of course, the power of the unit may be somewhat weaker, but at the level of domestic use, this fact is practically invisible.
The main area of \u200b\u200bapplication of this unit, made, is agricultural work. This term covers a fairly wide range, including many related works. In other words, homemade a mini tractor is needed for the following purposes:
Rear view of the tractor from the cab is very limited as the engine compartment was quite high. Twelve 60-watt bulbs provide illumination for night field operations. Engine cooling is provided by two 85 kW radiators with two 28 ”mechanically driven fans passing through the radiators.
The tractor is over 30 feet long, 11 feet high and weighs over 30 tonnes with field ballast. The tractor is coupled between the second and third axles. The pivot joint, as well as the side-to-side movement required for steering, also allows for vertical movement of 10 degrees plus or minus. This movement is necessary to keep the tires in contact with the ground when the tractor is driven over uneven ground. The tractor will turn 40 degrees to one side or the other.
- plowing land holdings for the purpose of their further use;
- cultivation soil, as well as getting rid of weeds;
- harrowing soil;
- holding sowing on cultivated soil;
- planting and digging potatoes.
In principle, this is the main purpose of the mini tractor, for which it is made. But, its application can be significantly expanded if a special connection for additional equipment, mounted and trailed, is provided in its design.
The four-way design, as innovative as it was, was a tractor wreck. While the four-axle design allows enough rubber on the ground to harness the engine power, allowing the tractor to remain narrow enough, the result is that all four tires on both sides run on the same track and cause serious soil compaction problems along the way. ... Today's 4WD tractors are approaching 600 horsepower and either use triple all-around tires or use the newly introduced rubber ring design.
If everything is done correctly, then your homemade product can additionally perform the following works:
As we can see, the mini-tractor breaking the classic 4x4 with its own hands is able to significantly facilitate the life of any rural resident, because with the help of this technique it becomes possible to perform all types of work that are required with competent maintenance of subsidiary farming.
A closer inspection of the tractor shows that it is still making great progress. Access to the bottom of the tractor shows that many design changes were made during the life of the tractor, as there are many welding marks in the frame work where the pieces were cut and later welded. While the camera allows some rear vision, that vision is still limited. In addition, the front view from the front is small as the design of the cab floor, hood and fenders results in the operator being unable to see the ground within 20 feet of the front of the tractor.
The indispensability of a home-made unit is also due to the fact that it is used in its manufacture minimum investment and funds, which is very important for rural areas.
For more information about the work of an all-wheel drive mini tractor, see the video:
Where did the nickname "Big Swarm" come from? Photo: Universal company. The universal company approached the Manitoba Agricultural Museum with a proposal to restore the tractor and the museum agreed. The Agricultural Museum of Manitoba deeply values \u200b\u200beffort, work, and dedication. Versatility, and its staff have shown the return of the Great Swarm to its original state. Big Swarm is a Manitoba treasure!
But designed for off-road use. Two main types of wheels, which are the earliest form and continuous track. Tractors are used in agriculture, construction, road construction, etc. In the form of bulldozers, scrapers and excavators. A notable feature of tractors in many applications is the take-off accessory used for work in stationary or exhaust devices.
Instructions
Having appreciated all the benefits, many people ask the question - how to make a 4x4 mini tractor? In principle, this assembly method is not much different from traditional methods, except, perhaps, the structure of the frame structure.
Basically, the frame is one-piece, but in the breaks, an option with a breaking frame is provided, from which the name itself comes.
The belt and power take-offs included in the tractors from the beginning were first standardized in an exhaust box mounted on the rear suspension, and then in a self or live takeoff, which allowed tools to be operated at a constant speed regardless of travel speed. Many modern tractors also have hydraulic system power take-off controlled oil pumpmounted either on a tractor or on a trailer.
Power is sent through the propeller shaft to the 8 or 10 speed gearbox and through the two large rear drive wheels. The engine can be 12 to 120 or more. Tracked, tracked, or run on two continuous tracks consisting of several plates or spacers pivotally connected and connected to form a pair of endless chains, each of which is surrounded by two wheels on either side of the vehicle. These tractors provide better adhesion and lower ground pressure than wheeled tractors.
The appearance of the structure may be a little puzzling to an outside observer, but its seeming unpretentiousness should not be misleading. The fact is that everything inside is located so proportionally, if you follow the drawings exactly, that allows the unit to show enough good performance.
Crawler tractors can be used on heavy, sticky soil or very light soil, resulting in poor tire grip. Tractors used on irregular contour ground have tracks such that their left and right front ends rise and fall independently of each other. Four wheel tractors can be used in many soil conditions that immobilize two wheel tractors and tracks. Due to their complex design and, consequently, their high cost, their use has grown rather slowly.
A single axle tractor is a small tractor carried on a pair of wheels fixed to a single drive axle; the operator usually walks behind, grabbing a pair of handles. The engine is usually in the front and the tools are on the panel. This type of machine can be used with a wide range of equipment including plows, hoes, cultivators, sprayers, mowers and two-wheeled trailers. When the tractor is coupled to the trailer, the operator drives.
By the way about the drawings. This is probably one of the most important stages the entire assembly, because the success of the entire design depends on the correctness of leaving a detailed drawing and determining the exact dimensions.
The fact is that the specifics of self-assembly suggests fitting some details for the individual characteristics of the frame or power unit. This is understandable, because the components are taken from completely different equipment, which leads to their dimensional mismatch.
Regardless of the size, model or model, there is no denying that there is a bit of noise associated with buying a new tractor. The new paint smell was reinforced by the comforting knowledge that no one, but no one, had used or abused the machine of your choice. And to add that extra shine to the case, there's a manufacturer's warranty if required. All this adds to good qualitywhich in these days of hard work and cost cutting can be hard to beat.
So where do you look and what do you think? Our list of six favorites may hold the keys to your new new budget tractor. The three-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine runs through a multi-plate clutch into a six-forward, two-reverse gearbox.
The very same fitting is carried out, basically, on a lathe, which in itself assumes the presence of a detailed drawing. After all, it is much easier to make certain holes or grind, looking at the drawing, than keeping all this abstraction in your head.
So, having made a drawing, we proceed to the process assemblies:
Building a tractor is a 10-step building process that starts with unpacking a crate. After bolting on the wheels, rolls, mudguards and seat belt anchor points are installed, and then the front frame and battery are added.
The rear three-point connection must then be installed as well as the taillights before adding lubricants, coolant and fuel, and the tractor finally comes to life. Siromer says any of his tractors can be shipped fully assembled if required.
You only need to go to one of the major concerns in the continental mechanical engineering to realize that there are all sorts of opportunities that have their own views on export. A few decades ago, the former Canadian distributor of Belarusian tractors included four-wheel drive four-wheel drive tractors in its product line and wore a Belarusian brand. But these machines were not built in the same factory in Minsk, Belarus, which produced the auxiliary wheel models that were being sold here at the time, because the Minsk plant did not produce machines with very high power.
- Itself frame will consist from traverses and spars... The spars, in this case, have a three-stage structure. The first stage is made of channel number 10, and the last one is a square steel tube with dimensions of 80 × 80 mm.
- Rear traverse made from channel number 16, and the front one is from channel number 12.
- If you remodel walk-behind tractor in minitractor, then the main power unit will be engine, located on the walk-behind tractor. If not, you will have to purchase the engine separately. In principle, any diesel engine can work required power (not less than 12 hp).
- However, experts advise taking more powerful - motor with 40 hp and water cooling.
- Gearbox and PTOand also the clutch can be taken from cars GAZ-53 and GAZ-52, respectively. They will not work ready-made, so you will have to modify them a little. To do this, you need to re-make the motor flywheel, cutting off a little from the back and drilling one hole in the middle.
- Bridge can be installed in the unit in the desired formwithout making any manipulations. It is attached to the frame structure with four ladders.
- Wheels can be taken from old passenger carsbut the optimum diameter is 18 inches. The process of mounting the wheels on the hubs is quite simple. It is enough to cut out a hole of the required diameter from the center of the disc, and the center of the disc is welded to this place from ZIL-130.
- The front axle is not that important because he will not be the leader. Therefore, you can take a bridge from other equipment.
- Steering best hydraulically reinforced. You can take it from old agricultural machinery, but for its correct operation, an oil pump is needed.
- By the way, driver's seat also need install correctly, because a person spends not a single hour at the control of the unit. The seat must be positioned so that the steering column does not rest on the knees of the person.
In general, the assembly of a home-made all-wheel drive mini tractor is carried out using third-party spare parts, among which, mainly, automobile ones.
In particular, the drum brake will be used in the front wheelbase system, and the steering rack will be borrowed from the VAZ family cars.
Other components you can freely to find in the spare parts market, where there is a lot of useful information. In addition, on specialized sites there are a sufficient number of advertisements for the sale of parts that can be purchased for mere pennies.
Advantages and disadvantages
In a crisis, defining momentthat affects many areas of life and industry is the question of saving money. It is this circumstance that pushes many enthusiasts to independently manufacture not only mini tractors, but also other agricultural equipment.
Modern grain crushers are quite compact and energy-intensive, they are easy to use and delight their owners. - ideal in terms of price and quality ratio.
To facilitate labor and increase productivity, various types of manual cultivators have been created for cultivating the soil in the country - gasoline, electric, manual, light and heavy. By going to get acquainted with the manual cultivator for summer cottages.
In the last decade, among summer residents and gardeners, an apparatus has become famous - a sprayer called "Beetle".
all information about this wonderful device.
This fact, in many ways, becomes decisive, especially for rural areas, where there has been no employment for a long time, and, as a result, no money. All that people living in villages and villages have is their personal economy, which feeds them throughout the year.
Therefore, homemade units in rural areas will popular for a long time.
In addition to the obvious cost savings, self-assembly has a number of advantages:
- Due to its compact dimensions, a homemade unit is capable of producing work in fairly small areas. Given that most private gardens are small, this circumstance becomes important, because the use of large-sized equipment, in this case, is impractical.
- Fast achievable payback - literally in one season. This is a consequence of the savings on components that were described earlier.
- Enough good performance, which demonstrates a homemade unit.
However, no matter how you might want to, homemade mini tractors also have certain limitations, which must be indicated:
- When assembling, there is a certain search problem the necessary parts and spare parts.
- The consequence of the previous problem is repair issue, because if a certain part fails, it will be quite difficult to find it.
- Self-assembly assumes Availability certain knowledge in technology, as well as the ability to work with a welding machine and a lathe. In other words, the assembly is not suitable for everyone.
- Due to the fact that all-wheel drive homemade mini tractor manufactured mainly from old components, it may reflect at the frequency of equipment breakdowns.
As we can see, there are many disadvantages. But, at the everyday level, self-assembly becomes almost the only alternative, due to its relative cheapness.
If you have enough money, then you can buy some old "Zhiguli" so that use him as a "donor" for the future homemade mini tractor.
You can buy it without documents, while it is quite used, so its cost will be about 25-30 thousand rubles, which is relatively small in comparison with a ready-made mini tractor.
The essence of this advice is simple: in order not to look for spare parts and parts everywhere, you can take everything from one machine, i.e. gearbox, clutch, etc. By the way, the car body can then be sold.
Also an important point is registration of a self-made unit in the traffic police... Of course, you can not do it if you do not plan to leave your garden, but for those who plan to use public roads, this action is necessary.
The fact is that a mini-tractor, even a home-made one, belongs to special equipment, therefore it requires mandatory registration in the inspection. If these rules are not followed, the employee may impose a financial fine on you, and vehicle remove to the parking lot.
Conclusion
Making a homemade all-wheel drive minitractor used by, basically, in the countryside... For owners of large farms who are able to purchase ready-made counterparts in the store, this is simply unprofitable.
And for the household level - this is the very thing, especially here practically perfect combination those manufacturing costs andtogo quality, which is the output.
The Belarusian MTZ-82 tractor once became a real technical breakthrough. Using his example, Soviet designers were able to prove that they were capable of making not only the best rockets in the world, but also easily creating agricultural equipment worthy of the world's best competitors. This model gave our tractor drivers unprecedented comfort and technical capabilities.
The MTZ-82 tractor is of high quality, reliability and economy, has low operating costs and excellent performance indicators. This machine has performed and is performing a variety of agricultural tasks in the vastness of not only the CIS countries, but also practically the whole world, enjoying well-deserved popularity in farms of any type.
Historical excursion
In the early 1970s, the obsolete MTZ-50 and MTZ-52 tractors were the basis for the production of the Minsk Tractor Plant. The Council of Ministers of the USSR, in its resolution, decided to replace them with more modern technology, but in order to speed up the process and minimize the costs of setting up a new production, they decided not to create new machines, but to carry out a deep modernization of existing ones. So the world saw the MTZ-80 model and its all-wheel drive version - MTZ-82.
And although the MTZ-82 tractor was based on the MTZ-52 model, the degree of unification of the parts of the new model reached 70%, which gives the right to speak of it as a separate project. By 1972, the new tractor was successfully developed and tested. Its serial production began in 1974 and has not stopped ever since.
In the first half of the 2000s, the MTZ-82 tractor underwent modernization aimed at increasing the efficiency of the engine, as well as changing the design of the body and cab. Wherein specifications the cars did not change significantly from this - it just began to look more modern and received a new name - "Belarus-82".
Compared to its predecessor, this model has become revolutionary in terms of comfort: a soft, shock-absorbed seat, comfortable steering, a tightly closing cab, a dust-removing system, albeit primitive, but still climate control, a humidification system - all these innovations have allowed tractor drivers to finally feel like drivers, not pioneer heroes in the fields.
But everything could be different: the Soviet leadership seriously considered projects of much cheaper models, which, with similar characteristics, were distinguished by disgusting ergonomics, which remained at the level of previous generations of domestic agricultural machinery. It is unlikely that a car with a half-open cab would have become as popular among the people as the MTZ-82 tractor, the quintessence of tractor construction in the USSR.
Main characteristics and equipment
MTZ-82 tractors are equipped with four-cylinder diesel engines liquid cooling series D-243, produced by the Minsk Motor Plant. The working volume of the power unit is 4.75 liters, and the power is 82 hp. The engine is started with an electric starter (motor D-243) or with the help of a starting motor PD-10 (motor D-243L). It should be noted that in the original version the engine had only 75 hp. power, and an increase to 82 hp. was carried out gradually, through a series of small upgrades to the power unit.
As for the gearbox, the MTZ-82 tractor is equipped exclusively with a mechanical transmission. The number of forward gears is 18, the number of reverse gears is 4. After 1985, a series of machines with a hydraulically controlled gearbox was released, in which shifting can be carried out under load without the need to disengage the clutch.
The rear axle is connected via a differential with a locking option. The lock on the original version of the tractor is activated mechanically, on tractors manufactured after 2000 - already hydraulically.
The peculiarity of the chassis of our "hero" is the ability to change the track width. For rear wheels - within 140-210 cm, for front wheels - 120-180 cm. The ground clearance is 465 mm. The tractor is equipped with a power steering, which greatly facilitates the control process for the operator.
The machine weighs 3,700 kg and has a maximum payload of 3,200 kg.
In the basic version, the MTZ-82 tractor has:
- standard headlights;
- hydraulic system for connecting attachments with six outputs;
- crossbar of the hitch;
- rear linkage mechanical fixation system.
In addition to the standard equipment, there are additional options. For example, you can equip the tractor with a special spacer for doubling the rear wheels, install a synchronized reverse gear or creeper. Also available is the installation of a hydraulic towing hook, a bracket for front loads, an additional seat in the cab and much more.
Modifications
On the basis of the main model of the MTZ-82 tractor, a number of modifications were released, among which it is worth noting:
- MTZ-82L - with starting the engine from the starting motor (in the basic version, electric starting);
- MTZ-892 - modification with a turbocharged engine, power 89 hp;
- MTZ-82N - modification with a ground clearance reduced to 400 mm;
- MTZ-82K - steep modification;
- MTZ-82R - modification for working in rice fields;
- MTZ-102 - modification with a powerful 100-horsepower engine, produced since 1984.
Also, the MTZ-82 tractor became the main one for the serially produced export models "Belarus-820" and "Belarus-825", which differed in a slightly modified design of the body and cab.
Production geography
Initially, the MTZ-82 tractors assembled exclusively by the Minsk Tractor Plant entered the market. Only after the collapse of the USSR, in order to maintain a high level of sales, Belarusian tractor builders began to actively enter into production cooperation with enterprises of various countries, opening their assembly lines. At the moment, there is a production in Saransk in Russia, which assembles these Belarusian tractors from ready-made units and assemblies supplied by the main plant MTZ. Also, the MTZ-82 tractor is produced by such enterprises as OJSC Yelabuga Automobile Plant and OJSC Smolspetstekh.
MTZ-82 is produced in other countries of the world, in particular:
- Azerbaijan - "Ganja Automobile Plant";
- Ukraine - LLC "Trade House MTZ-Belarus-Ukraine", LLC "Ukravtozapchast", LLC "Technotorg-Don";
- Kazakhstan - Semipalatinsk Automobile Assembly Plant LLP;
- Serbia - Belarus Agropanonka LLC;
- Algeria - S.A.R.L. "BELARUS MOTORS ALGERIE".
Basically, we are talking about SKD assembly from parts of mainly Belarusian production with various degrees of localization.
Application
First of all, the MTZ-82 tractor is intended for field work. This model is positioned as a multifunctional four-wheel drive medium tractor, which is capable of plowing fall and spring wedge, sowing, as well as harvesting various crops. Also these tractors, armed with various attachments, are used in road, excavation and other works in forestry and municipal services. The maximum speed of 33.4 km / h makes it possible to use a machine with a trailer as a transport equipment for moving goods.
Today, for example, the MTZ-82 tractor can easily be found as a “worker” in a municipal service: a snow blower, a loader, a street sweeper - all this can be easily mounted on a tractor and used in urban environments. It can also perform the functions of a sewage truck, equipped for this with an appropriate unit. It can also be used as a special technique, in particular, as a backhoe loader.
The most in demand today is the Belarus 82 MK-01 model, which is a tractor with mounted plow and brush equipment for cleaning streets. Another topical option is Belarus MUP-750 equipped with a bucket. This modification is used for loading and unloading operations. Still wide popularity is "Belarus" EP-491, which performs excavation and harvesting works, site planning and others.
What else is the MTZ-82 tractor capable of? Its power take-off shaft can be used not only for the operation of mobile equipment, it is quite possible to power a mobile welding machine from it, however, it will generate direct current, but in conditions where there is no power supply at all, this option is not bad at all. At the same time, the compressor, which performs its functions in the tractor, may well be used to pump the wheels of not only the tractor itself, but also other vehicles in need of this.
In conclusion, we note that over the entire production period, more than a million units of MTZ-82 and its modifications have rolled off various conveyors. There is no way to count the exact number of cars produced, but it is known for certain that this is one of the most massive tractors in the world. This model is really universal, since it is actively exploited and received well-deserved recognition not only in our country, but also in the countries of Asia and Africa, known for their difficult conditions for the operation of equipment.
The MTZ-82 tractor is simple and reliable, it is relatively inexpensive, and can be operated in almost any conditions. Add to this a driver's seat, tolerable in terms of comfort, and you can understand why this model, outstanding at the dawn of its existence, and quite common now, is still popular.
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